Introduction
Freedom of expression is the fundamental right of every individual to express his or her opinions, thoughts and beliefs without fear of reprisal or punishment by the government or other persons or entities. Violations of the right to freedom of expression are becoming increasingly visible in Africa. On January 17, 2023, the lifeless body of Cameroonian journalist and broadcaster Arsène Salomon Mbani Zogo, better known as Martinez Zogo, was found in a town outside Yaoundé. As director of a radio station, the journalist regularly discussed cases of corruption, naming important people. Acts of this nature result in a narrowing of the space for freedom of expression and can have serious consequences for human rights. What does the future hold for journalists in Africa?
Attacks on freedom of expression affect human rights
Attacks on freedom of expression often take the form of repression of the independent press, censorship of information, and criminalization of the expression of dissenting views. By reducing the space for expression, other inherent human rights are also infringed: the right to information, the right to opinion, and the right to political participation. The right to information is essential for citizens to make informed decisions. Censorship of information and closure of independent media outlets reduces access to information and can prevent citizens from fully participating in public life. Criminalizing the expression of dissenting views can also discourage citizens from freely expressing themselves and exercising their right to political participation. Protecting the right to freedom of expression is therefore imperative.
The significance of freedom of expression and how to protect it
Freedom of expression is essential to a democratic society. It allows individuals to participate in public debate, criticize the authorities, defend their rights, and disseminate ideas. The right to freedom of expression can be facilitated by promoting freedom of the press, and encouraging citizen participation. Governments should encourage media diversity, and enhance the independence of journalists. Access to information must also be ensured by adopting access to information laws and facilitating access to public information.
The participation of citizens is an imperative element of democracy and the protection of human rights. Governments should encourage citizen participation by guaranteeing freedom of peaceful assembly and encouraging citizen participation in decision-making.
Conclusion
Freedom of expression is the freedom of everyone to express him or herself to be heard, and partake in social life and political life. Reducing free expression may involve restrictions on publication, requiring journalists to reveal their sources, or imposing disciplinary measures.In conclusion, to protect the right to freedom of expression is to protect several human rights.
