Environment - Right for Education

Climate Change and Global Warming

> “Go softly in the world; if it is harmed, it cannot return” – Nigerian Proverb WHAT IS GLOBAL WARMING? Global Warming, also known as climate change, is a rise in the average temperature of the atmosphere and oceans worldwide. In turn, this causes ice caps on the North Pole

Climate Change and Crop Diversification

> 239 million people in sub-Saharan Africa were undernourished in 2010. This figure is expected to rise in future because of climate change. CLIMATE CHANGE AND FARMING Global temperatures are rising and this can impact on the amount of crops that can be produced in Africa. It is expected that

Pollution: Dealing with Plastic Bags

4,000 tonnes of plastic bags are produced in Kenya each month. Recent studies show that plastic bags are linked with environmental damage and higher rates of malaria in East Africa. POLLUTION Pollution is when the land, water, or air is made dirtier. This can be done by throwing out

Wildlife Conservation – Protecting Animals and Plants

WHAT IS CONSERVATION? ‘Wildlife conservation’ means to protect the animals and plants on the planet. We can do this by not polluting the environment and taking care of where they live. Large amounts of land are sometimes called ‘protected areas’ in which humans must not interfere with the animals and

Pollution and what it means for the Environment

“Treat the Earth well; it was not given to you by your parents; it was loaned to you by your children.” – Kenyan proverb WHAT IS POLLUTION? Pollution is when the land, water, or air is made dirtier. Often, humans cause pollution by leaving waste in water or dumping

Pollution: Illegal Dumping in West Africa

POLLUTION IN AFRICA Pollution means to make the land, air, or water dirty. As a result, they can become toxic or unable to use and in some cases can be dangerous to human health. Africa produces 1.9 million tonnes of waste each year, which is actually very little for

The Relationship of Climate Change and Farming

> 70% of Africa’s population need farming for their livelihoods. Climate change and global warming pose a serious threat to this. WHAT IS CLIMATE CHANGE AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT? Global Warming and climate change are processes that are happening today and they threaten farm systems. Rising temperatures can alter

Light Up Your Home for Free With The Water Lamp

BY DONA THANUJA L GALHENA MIET, AMRSC Download low data PDF Download a step-by-step pictorial There are so many houses in the world which do not get enough sunlight in the house. As a result, even during the daytime, it is dark inside. Therefore people have to use electricity and

BY CHIARA CIVIERO Why are the rocks at the bottom of a river often round? Why usually do lakes get muddy after a rains storm? How do valleys form? The answer to all these questions is erosion, the process that moves rocks and soil that make up the Earth’s surface from one place to another. Erosion constantly changes the shape of the landscape and can be caused by natural elements such as water, air and even ice that tend to flow from an upper position to another down. Water is likely the most powerful force that causes erosion. If water is muddy, it is a sign that erosion is taking place. The brown colour indicates that bits of rock and soil are suspended in the water and being transported. The ways that it acts are: – Rivers: they break up particles at the bottom and carry them downstream (e.g. Grand Canyon). – Rainfall: the rain hits the surface of the Earth (splash erosion) or accumulates and flow as small streams. – Floods: they act very quickly as powerful rivers and the erosion rates are greatly accelerated. – Ocean waves: cause rock and coastline to break off changing the coastline over time. Erosion happens faster when shingle is thrown against the cliffs by the waves. In dry regions as deserts (e.g., Sahara, Atacama) wind is the most frequent agent of erosion because there are few plants to hold the soil in place and there is no rain to bind the soil particles together. It erodes in two ways: – Deflation: wind forces pick up and carry loose particles and dust away. – Abrasion: flying particles strike the land and break off more particles. Sometimes in mountain environments as Himalayas, Andes, but also near the North and South Poles, giant masses of ice that slowly move called glaciers, can carve out valleys and shape mountains. However, there are other minor forces that can cause erosion and these include: living organisms (i.e., insects, small animals, worms) can speed the erosion process by breaking up the soil and thus the water and/or wind can act on the surface more quickly; an increase of temperature may heat up a rock. This can lead the rock to expand, crack and break off in pieces over time; the force of gravity can pull rocks and other particles down the side of a mountain or cliff in form of landslides causing erosion. COULD HUMANS CAUSE EROSION? Erosion is a natural process, but human activity can make it happen more quickly. Humans have increased the rate of erosion through farming, ranching, cutting down forests, and the building of roads and cities. However, it is possible to control this phenomenon planting trees around farmland to protect it from the wind, moving herds around so that grasslands will grow back, and planting new trees to replace the ones cut down.

BY CHIARA CIVIERO Why are the rocks at the bottom of a river often round? Why usually do lakes get muddy after a rains storm? How do valleys form? The answer to all these questions is erosion, the process that moves rocks and soil that make up the Earth’s surface