Introduction

Shea caterpillars, or “chitoumou” in the Dioula language, occupy a special place in Burkinabe cuisine, bringing a unique flavour and adding nutritional richness to traditional dishes. Shea caterpillars are often prepared in a variety of ways. They can be fried, boiled, grilled or in soup. Beyond gastronomy, its medicinal virtues and its contribution to the economy and craftsmanship represent a diversity of possibilities and meanings in many aspects of daily life, as well as in traditional practices in Burkina Faso.

“Chitoumou”, a gastronomic heritage

Long consumed by the people of Burkina Faso’s western region, shea caterpillars are now prized in Burkinabe cuisine. They are used in a variety of local recipes and are often associated with dishes such as rice sauce, sorrel leaf sauce, fat rice, tô or finger millet couscous. Their distinctive texture and taste make them a popular ingredient for adding depth and complexity to dishes.

The medicinal and lucrative aspects of “chitoumou

Shea caterpillars are rich in proteins, amino acids and minerals such as iron, zinc, and vitamins B and C. Their consumption can therefore contribute to a balanced diet with health benefits. In traditional pharmacopoeia, they are used to combat rabies, boost the immune system and treat digestive disorders. In addition to these benefits, shea caterpillars play a crucial economic role for many communities in Burkina Faso. Harvesting and selling shea caterpillars provides a source of income for both rural and urban families. This contributes to improving living conditions and achieving food security.

The artistic and spiritual aspects of “chitoumou

Beyond its culinary and medicinal aspects, “chitoumou” is used in other ways in traditional crafts and celebrations in Burkina Faso. Chitoumou cocoons can be transformed into thread for weaving textiles. These threads are used to make unique decorative pieces and jewellery such as necklaces and bracelets.  Shea caterpillars are also sometimes incorporated into traditional ceremonies as a symbol of fertility, strength or protection. In certain traditions in Burkina Faso, they are used in ritual practices to symbolize growth and the passage to adulthood. In this way, they mark an essential transition in the lives of young people in the community. 

Conclusion 

Combining culinary, medicinal, economic and artistic aspects, the shea caterpillar or “chitoumou” occupies a versatile place in Burkinabe culture. It is an integral part of our gastronomic heritage. Its creative use in handicrafts enhances its value while offering authentic and original artisanal products. 

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