Introduction

A hungry stomach knows nothing of ecology. In the daily life of many Africans burdened by poverty, ecological concerns often seem absent or secondary. Yet the paradox is striking: African representatives actively participate in major climate summits (COP, UNCED), and young activists are increasingly engaged. Despite this, their voices still struggle to reach the populations already suffering the effects of climate change.

A Growing Awareness

Even though awareness remains limited, many Africans understand the ecological threats. Reforestation, plastic reduction campaigns, anti-pollution initiatives  all these efforts are beginning to resonate. We also see the development of biogas, solar panels in more households, and other eco-friendly efforts. These actions, though modest, show a real desire for change.

Where It Hurts

But once hunger strikes, these good intentions often collapse. Immediate survival takes precedence over long-term preservation. How can we ask a starving fisherman to release juvenile fish? Or a poor villager to forgo a few wheelbarrows of sand for building his home? Or a mother to give up accessible firewood in favour of domestic gas that is either unavailable or unaffordable? Can we really expect people fighting to survive to make sacrifices for future climate concerns?

Is Unity Possible?

Hunger and ecology thus seem like two conflicting priorities. The average African is caught in a painful dilemma:
Satisfy urgent basic needs at the risk of worsening the ecological crisis, or make sacrifices to protect the environment? Think of today or worry about tomorrow?

Conclusion

A realistic ecology. And yet, solutions do exist. Agroecology, responsible fishing, circular economy… these are all approaches that could reconcile development with sustainability. But the real question remains: Are Africans ready to embrace these alternatives? More importantly, are the necessary tools and resources available to make such a transition possible? For these solutions to remain effective, they must be adapted to African realities.