Introduction
A broad vision of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) is essential to achieve human rights goals. The issue of gender equality is a constant struggle for the development of a more equitable and just society. As human rights, sexual and reproductive rights aim to promote an autonomous life, free and consensual sexuality, free from violence and discrimination. However, given the persistent taboo surrounding sex education, these rights may be in danger.
African Legal Instruments Promoting Reproductive and Sexual Rights
The Protocol on the Rights of Women in Africa includes several provisions related to SRHR, including the right to exercise control over their fertility, to decide on their motherhood, the number of children, and the spacing of births, to protect themselves and be protected against sexually transmitted infections, including HIV/AIDS, and to freely choose their contraceptive methods. This protocol was ratified in 2006 by several African countries such as South Africa, Benin, Mozambique, and Rwanda. In addition to this protocol, there are other regional documents (for example, within the SADC) and civil society organizations that promote these rights.
Access to SRHR: A Significant Impact on Individuals’ Lives
Beyond the theoretical aspect of SRHR, it has a real impact on the mortality of women and girls. Indeed, it is thanks to SRHR that, for example, the prevention and management of unwanted pregnancies, the prevention and management of gender-based violence, and the prevention and management of cervical cancer are ensured, which are among the areas of intervention prioritized by Médecins du Monde.
Issues related to Sexuality: A Taboo Subject within the Family
SRHR implies the existence of sex education. And like all education, it should begin within the family. However, given traditions, as well as religions and beliefs, parents rarely communicate with their children about issues related to sexuality. But even outside the family setting, this sex education is sometimes limited, most often limiting itself to promoting abstinence. In this case, young people will resort to other sources of information, particularly the internet, which could bias their sex education.
Conclusion
Sex education is important not only from a legal perspective, but also in everyday life, where it can save lives. Respect for traditions and various taboos should never be an obstacle to accessing these rights. Every party, from the family to society and the state, must ensure that this right to sexual and reproductive health is respected.
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