An elderly man being hydrated while standing outside. Photo credit - iStock

HEATWAVE AND THE ELDERLY

Introduction

Older people are naturally more at risk of suffering from dehydration. During heatwaves, this can lead to hospitalisation and even death. In countries such as Burkina Faso, where temperatures often approach 40◦ in the shade, special attention must be paid to our senior citizens.

 

Why do the Elderly become Dehydrated more Quickly

From the age of 60 onwards, the body undergoes a number of physiological changes, including the hydration process. Firstly, in terms of intake, the sensation of thirst becomes less perceptible due to an alteration in the receptors in the brain that are supposed to detect the need for water. Then, in terms of conservation, the kidneys’ ability to reabsorb water and salt by concentrating urine is reduced, as is the skin’s ability to regulate sweating. Finally, the use of certain drugs such as diuretics or laxatives can increase water deficits. In hot weather, thermoregulation increases the need for and loss of water. Water loss is particularly high in the elderly, where dehydration occurs more frequently and can have serious consequences.

 

What are the Consequences of Dehydration

Dehydration affects almost every organ and is the gateway to a whole range of illnesses. Generally speaking, dehydration is a source of fatigue, fever, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Dizziness and other discomfort can also occur, increasing the risk of repeated falls, which are a source of trauma. In the brain, it can lead to mood disorders, hallucinations, headaches, visual and hearing problems, convulsions, and impaired consciousness. In terms of haemodynamics, it leads to an increase in heart rate and a fall in blood pressure, sometimes culminating in a state of shock. On the urinary side, urine is less abundant and stays longer in the bladder, increasing the risk of infection. In the digestive system, nausea and vomiting can occur, and constipation can occur. On the muscular level, cramps are frequent manifestations. 

 

Conclusion

Age-related changes in the body make older people more vulnerable to dehydration which, like a domino effect, can lead to a number of complications. So, it’s important not to overlook elderly people who feel unwell for no apparent reason. During heatwaves, it’s also essential to remember that everyday gestures, such as offering a simple glass of water, can save a life.

 

Aline S YO

VIEW ALL POSTS

Leave a reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *