Introduction

Tales are traditional narratives that transmit the wisdom, customs, beliefs and values of African peoples. In their various forms and cultures, they fulfil several functions that enrich individuals and societies. There are educational, entertainment, aesthetic, cultural, social and symbolic functions that contribute to the intellectual, emotional and spiritual development of listeners, often transcending the boundaries of entertainment to offer lessons.

The educational function

Storytelling is a powerful tool for imparting knowledge and values. They teach children moral lessons and guide the development of their understanding of right and wrong. They also encourage listeners to develop critical thinking skills, sharpen their sense of empathy and learn about the world around them.

The entertainment function

Stories entertain children through their form and content. They provide a space for imagination, escape and entertainment. They stimulate creativity by transporting listeners into fantastic worlds, populated by extraordinary characters and exotic landscapes. The wonderful tales and exciting adventures of fairy tales are a source of pleasure and entertainment for all ages, awakening curiosity and joyful contemplation.

The aesthetic function

The aesthetic appeal of fairy tales lies in their ability to enchant the ear and the mind. Evocative images, poetic language and striking plot twists are powerful aesthetic elements that add artistic depth to stories. Through their narrative structure and imagery, stories evolve into immensely rich works of literature.

The cultural function

In cultural terms, storytelling preserves and transmits the customs, traditions, beliefs and myths of a culture. They serve to preserve oral tradition, providing a way of honouring and passing on a community’s cultural heritage from one generation to the next.

The social function

From a social perspective, storytelling facilitates the transmission of social norms and rituals, helping to build individual and collective identities. They also strengthen intergenerational ties by providing a space for communication and interaction between family and community members.

The symbolic function

From a symbolic point of view, stories often represent archetypes and universal symbols that strike a chord. They embody profound realities and truths that resonate with human experience on a universal scale, offering deeper messages and meanings that go beyond the story itself.

Tales offer an infinite treasure trove of teachings and discoveries, stimulating the imagination, transmitting values, reinforcing cultural identity, fostering social cohesion and communicating fundamental truths about the human condition. They transcend their simple role of entertainment to become powerful tools for growth, communication and connection with the world.