INTRODUCTION 

The African academic world is currently facing a disturbing increase in various forms of violence. What drives this violence? How does it manifest in university environments? And what can be done to bring about a lasting end to it? 

Multiple Forms of Violence 

African academic institutions grapple with several forms of violence. These encompass physical violence, including attacks, theft, kidnappings, brawls, rapes, abductions, and even acts of terrorism. Additionally, there are moral forms of violence, such as harassment, especially sexual harassment, threats, sexual assault, and intimidation. Verbal violence takes the form of extortion, insults, clashes, and defamation. 

The Most Vulnerable Targets 

Within the academic sphere, two primary groups are at higher risk of experiencing violence: those who are vulnerable and those grappling with social issues. The first group includes individuals with disabilities, albinos, the visually impaired, and women. The second group comprises foreigners, socially disadvantaged students, individuals targeted due to their religion or ethnicity, and university authorities. 

Understanding the Roots of These Violences 

Excessive competition among student unions and associations significantly contributes to escalating violence. The proliferation of these groups on university campuses often leads to conflicts and confrontations driven by their interests and objectives, often without substantial foundations. Moreover, the environment around university institutions is generally unhealthy, with

the presence of alcohol-serving establishments like bars, nightclubs, smoking lounges, and cinemas frequently patronized by students. Alcohol misuse results in unhealthy behaviors towards peers and even faculty. Furthermore, the lack of substantial involvement by university authorities exacerbates the problem, as reported by Human Rights Watch in a recent study. The absence of responsible authority intervention perpetuates violence within academic settings. 

Sustainable Solutions to the Problem 

To effectively combat violence in African universities, three concrete solutions are proposed: 

1. Strong Commitment from University Authorities: University leaders must take responsibility for addressing the issue. Implementing internal regulations, establishing university police units, and enforcing student monitoring policies are critical measures. The introduction of University Security Groups (GSU) by the Malian government has shown positive results. 
2. Structuring Student Associations: Addressing the abundance of student associations and unions is vital to mitigate mistrust and competition, thus promoting peace and solidarity within universities. 
3. Student Awareness Campaigns: Disseminating accurate information among students about the extent of the problem is essential. Sensitizing them to refrain from acts of violence during their university years can bring about positive change. 
4. Cleansing the Vicinity of Academic Institutions: Eliminating elements that hinder academic pursuits, such as alcohol-serving venues like bars and lounges, is vital. 

CONCLUSION 

This article serves as a heartfelt plea to address the critical situation in our universities and rescue higher education in Africa from the multifaceted violence that threatens its quality. Swift action is imperative to turn the tide.