Methods of birth control

Birth control is how you prevent a pregnancy before it begins. There are lots of different methods. Birth control can work really well and be easy to use. All of the methods in this article help prevent pregnancies, but none are 100% effective. They also do not protect infection from sexually transmitted diseases except for condoms. It is therefore always a good idea to use a condom in addition to the other methods listed here.

CONDOMS

A condom is a thin rubber sheath that is placed over the penis before sex. A condom allows two people to have sex without their genitals touching. It also stops sperm from getting into the vagina. Condoms therefore protect from both pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases.

THE PILL

Birth control pills are a kind of medicine with hormones. You take one pill every day. The hormones in the pill stop ovulation. No ovulation means that the female body does not prepare an egg to be fertilised by sperm. The pill is safe and effective.

IUD

An IUD is a tiny device that is put into the woman’s uterus to prevent pregnancy. The uterus (also called the womb) is an organ in the lower part of a woman’s body that is important for having babies. IUD stands for Intrauterine Device (a device inside your uterus). It is a small piece of flexible plastic shaped like a T. IUDs are long-term, reversible and very effective at preventing pregnancy.

BIRTH CONTROL SHOT

The birth control shot is an injection you get from a nurse or doctor once every 3 months. That’s 4 times a year. It’s a safe and convenient birth control method that works really well if you always get it on time.

BIRTH CONTROL IMPLANT

A birth control implant is a tiny rod about the size of a matchstick. It releases hormones that prevent pregnancy. A nurse or doctor inserts the implant into the woman’s arm and they are protected from pregnancy for up to 4 years.

FEMALE STERILISATION

Female sterilisation is a surgical procedure during which a woman’s fallopian tubes are closed or blocked. The fallopian tubes are needed for an egg to move from the ovaries to the vagina to be fertilised. When they are blocked, no egg can come through and no pregnancy can happen. You still get your period after this procedure, but it permanently protects against pregnancy.

MALE STERILISATION

Male sterilisation is also called a vasectomy. It is a surgical procedure. During the surgery, a doctor cuts or blocks of the small tubes in the man’s scrotum (testicles). This way no sperm can leave the man’s body and cause pregnancy. Vasectomy protects against pregnancy permanently.

NATURAL BIRTH CONTROL METHODS

Natural birth control methods do not rely on technology. One of them is to only have sex during the days of the month that the woman is less fertile and so less likely to get pregnant. Another is for the man to withdraw his penis from the woman’s vagina before orgasm and to ejaculate outside of her. Women who already have a baby who only give their baby breast milk and nothing else are protected from another pregnancy for up to 6 months.

TATJANA MARKS

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